Railtel Deputy Manager E1 Grade Technical Syllabus
| NETWORK | Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cu set and fundamental circuit matrices.
Solution methods :nodal and mesh analysis. Network Theorems : superposition, Thevenin and Norton’s Maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations using Laplace transform : frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters : driving pointed transfer functions. State equations for networks. |
| ELECTRONIC DEVICES | Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon : diffusion current, drift current, mobility and resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers. PN Junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS, Capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-l-n and avalanche photodiode, Basics of LASERS. Device technology : integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-tub and twin-tub COMS process. |
| ANALOG CIRCUIT | Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier, Biasing and bias stability of transistor and FET amplifiers.
Amplifiers : Single and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations. Function generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555Timers. Power Supplies. |
| DIGITAL CIRCUITS | Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL,MOs, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits; arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits; latchs and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor memories. Microprocessor (808) : architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing. |
| SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS | Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete –time Fourier series and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-invariant (LTI) Systems : definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI system. |
| CONTROL SYSTEMS | Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis; root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bonde and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators : elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of proportional – integral – Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems. |
| COMMUNICATIONS | Random signals and noise : probability, random variables, probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems : amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, super heterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital communication systems : pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes : amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSIS, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TMDA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM. |
| ELECTROMAGNTICS | Elements of vector calculus : divergence and curl; Gauss’ and Stokes’ theorems,
Maxwell’s equations :differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves : propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth. Transmission Lines : Characteristic impedance; impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; Sparameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides : modes in rectangular wave guides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric wave guide and optical fibers. Basics of Antennas : Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain. |
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